配置邮件发送

CodeLong2025/5/19大约 4 分钟

配置邮件发送

redis的配置

在pom.xml配置redis

<dependency>
	  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
	  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>

配置yml

spring:  
  data:
    redis:
      database: 5
      host: localhost
      port: 6379

Spring Boot 框架会自动装配 RedisTemplate 对象，但是默认的key序列化器为
JdkSerializationRedisSerializer，导致我们存到Redis中后的数据和原始数据有差别，故设置为
StringRedisSerializer序列化器。

@Bean
public RedisTemplate redisTemplate(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory){
    log.info("创建redis模板对象");
    RedisTemplate redisTemplate =new RedisTemplate();
    redisTemplate.setConnectionFactory(redisConnectionFactory);
    redisTemplate.setKeySerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    redisTemplate.setValueSerializer(new StringRedisSerializer());
    return redisTemplate;
}

mail组件的配置

在pom.xml文件下配置spring-boot-starter-mail

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-mail</artifactId>
</dependency>

在yml配置:

spring:
  mail:
    username: [email protected]
    password: JTun7K8rgXsXXXX
    default-encoding: utf-8
    host: smtp.163.com

消息队列的配置

在163邮箱获得16位的授权码:XXX
在pom.xml文件下配置spring-boot-starter-mail

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
</dependency>

在yml配置:

spring:
  rabbitmq:
    username: admin
    password: 123321
    host: 192.168.154.128 #自己的虚拟机地址
    virtual-host: /

邮件发送工具类的编写

写一个验证码的基础样式:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>验证码邮件</title>
</head>
<body style="font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
            background-color: #f5f5f5;
            padding: 20px;">
<div class="container" style="max-width: 600px;
            margin: auto;
            background-color: #ffffff;
            padding: 20px;
            border-radius: 8px;
            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);">
    <h1 style="color: #333333;">您的验证码</h1>
    <p style="color: #666666;">亲爱的用户，您正在尝试登录您的账户或执行某些操作。<br>
        请使用以下验证码完成验证：</p>
    <div class="highlight" style="background-color: #ffdd9e;
            padding: 10px;
            border-radius: 4px;
            text-align: center;">
        123456
    </div>
    <p style="color: #666666;">如果您没有请求此验证码，请忽略此邮件。</p>
    <p style="color: #666666;">此验证码将在5分钟后过期。</p>
</div>
</body>
</html>

再在utils文件夹加入邮件工具类:

@Data
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@Slf4j
@Component
public class EmailUtils {

    private final JavaMailSender mailSender;

    private final RedisTemplate<String, String> redisTemplate;

    private final String subject = "山西大学算法队OnlineJudge验证码";

    private final String VERIFICATION_CODE_PREFIX = "email:verification:";

    private final int EXPIRATION_SECONDS = 300; // 5 minutes

    @Value("${spring.mail.username}")
    private String from;

    private String preEmail = "<!DOCTYPE html>\n" +
            "<html lang=\"zh-CN\">\n" +
            "<head>\n" +
            "    <meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n" +
            "    <title>验证码邮件</title>\n" +
            "</head>\n" +
            "<body style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\n" +
            "            background-color: #f5f5f5;\n" +
            "            padding: 20px;\">\n" +
            "<div class=\"container\" style=\"max-width: 600px;\n" +
            "            margin: auto;\n" +
            "            background-color: #ffffff;\n" +
            "            padding: 20px;\n" +
            "            border-radius: 8px;\n" +
            "            box-shadow: 0 4px 8px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);\">\n" +
            "    <h1 style=\"color: #333333;\">您的验证码</h1>\n" +
            "    <p style=\"color: #666666;\">亲爱的用户，您正在尝试登录您的账户或执行某些操作。<br>\n" +
            "        请使用以下验证码完成验证：</p>\n" +
            "    <div class=\"highlight\" style=\"background-color: #ffdd9e;\n" +
            "            padding: 10px;\n" +
            "            border-radius: 4px;\n" +
            "            text-align: center;\">";

    private String afterEmail = "</div>\n" +
            "    <p style=\"color: #666666;\">如果您没有请求此验证码，请忽略此邮件。</p>\n" +
            "    <p style=\"color: #666666;\">此验证码将在5分钟后过期。</p>\n" +
            "</div>\n" +
            "</body>\n" +
            "</html>";

    public String setCodeToHTML(String code) {
        return preEmail + code + afterEmail;
    }

    public Boolean sendHtmlMail(String to, String subject, String content) {
        //获取MimeMessage对象
        MimeMessage message = mailSender.createMimeMessage();
        MimeMessageHelper messageHelper;
        try {
            messageHelper = new MimeMessageHelper(message, true);
            //邮件发送人
            messageHelper.setFrom(from);
            //邮件接收人,设置多个收件人地址
            InternetAddress[] internetAddressTo = InternetAddress.parse(to);
            messageHelper.setTo(internetAddressTo);
            //messageHelper.setTo(to);
            //邮件主题
            message.setSubject(subject);
            //邮件内容，html格式
            messageHelper.setText(content, true);
            //发送
            mailSender.send(message);
            //日志信息
            log.info("邮件已经发送。");
            return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("发送邮件时发生异常！", e);
            return false;
        }
    }

    public void storeVerificationCode(String email, String code) {
        String key = VERIFICATION_CODE_PREFIX + email + ":" + System.currentTimeMillis();
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, code, EXPIRATION_SECONDS, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
    }

    public boolean checkCode(String email, String code) {
        // 获取该邮箱下的所有验证码键
        for (String key : redisTemplate.keys(VERIFICATION_CODE_PREFIX + email + ":*")) {
            // 检查验证码是否匹配
            if (code.equals(redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key))) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    public void sendCode(String to) {
        Random random = new Random();
        int code = random.nextInt(900000) + +100000;
        String codeToString = Integer.toString(code);

        Boolean isSend = sendHtmlMail(to, subject, setCodeToHTML(codeToString));
        if (isSend) {
            storeVerificationCode(to, codeToString);
        }
    }
    
}

这样发送邮件邮件发送时间太慢,需要有以下配置:
session.getProperties().setProperty("mail.smtp.localhost", "自定义");
System.getProperties().setProperty("mail.mime.address.usecanonicalhostname", "false");
这样就可以把发送邮件时间从40s减到0.6s了

将邮件发送让消息队列监听

创建EmailListener.java文件,配置队列监听邮件发送请求

@Component
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class EmailListener {

    private final EmailUtils emailUtils;

    @RabbitListener(bindings = @QueueBinding(
            value = @Queue(name = "email.send.queue",durable = "true"),
            exchange = @Exchange(name = "email.direct"),
            key = "email.send"
    ))
    public void listenEmail(String email){
        emailUtils.sendCode(email);
    }
}

在LoginController.java发送消息

@Operation(summary = "用户验证码发送")
@PostMapping("/login/sendCode")
public Result sendCode(@RequestBody EmailDTO email) {
    //emailUtils.sendCode(email.getEmail());
    rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("email.direct","email.send",email.getEmail());
    return Result.success();
}

测试功能
Clip_2024-10-22_22-42-35